How introduce traits in maize by back cross breeding genomics lab. Microsatelliteassisted backcross selection in maize scielo. Winner of the standing ovation award for best powerpoint templates from presentations magazine. With dominant traits, one can still see the expression of the traits and can remove those traits whether one outcrosses, line breeds or inbreeds. Markerassisted backcrossing is routinely applied in breeding programs for. Yorkshires have acceptable rates of gain in muscle. Although the transgene is put into a soybean plant in the plant transformation process, the variety used for transformation is not the latest and greatest.
You may get dogs with the right behaviors, and the wrong look, the genes may nick wrong and youll get a whole litter that is useless, you may not get what you want out of the backcross and have to try another one. Ppt plant breeding methods powerpoint presentation free. Sep 26, 2010 test cross and a back cross are the same use a double recessive in the cross. Outcrossing or outbreeding is the technique of crossing between different breeds with no common ancestors. You will need to backcross, and you will need to keep more than one or two puppies to choose from for that backcross. Unesco eolss sample chapters soils, plant growth and crop production vol.
We use cookies to offer you a better experience, personalize content, tailor advertising, provide social media features, and better understand the use of our services. The backcross is useful in genetics studies for isolating separating out certain characteristics in a related group of animals or plants. You may get dogs with the right behaviors, and the wrong look, the. Gama eeg, vianna rt and moro jr 1981 general and specific combining. Backcross breeding enables breeders to transfer a desired trait such as a transgene from one variety donor parent, dp into the favored genetic background of another recurrent parent, rp. Backcross breeding is a traditional plant breeding method used by modern plant breeding programs to incorporate transgenes into elite lines. Ppt backcross breeding powerpoint presentation free to. Backcrossing backcross breeding is a wellknown procedure for the introgression of a target gene from a donor line into the genomic background of a recipient line. Users can directly access and browse specific projects, create new projects, administer programme members, breeding locations. Pdf marker assisted backcross breeding approach to. The backcross orchard is a basic unit of the tacf breeding program. Normally, breeds are chosen that have complementary traits that will enhance the offsprings economic value.
Backcross breeding and directional selection of two. Cross breeding is the process of breeding with the intention to create offspring that share the traits of both parent lineages or to produce an animal with hybrid vigour the improved or increased function of any biological quality in a hybrid offspring. Sponenberg is a dvm, phd, professor, pathology and genetics at virginia maryland regional college of veterinary medicine, virginia tech, blacksburg, va. Ppt plant breeding methods powerpoint presentation. Pdf marker assisted backcross breeding approach to improve.
Continue to develop and release high yielding, spring, tworow feed barley varieties with improved disease resistance, high protein and test weight. The efficiency of markerassisted introgression in backcross populations derived from inbred lines was investigated by simulation. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Marker assisted selection or marker aided selection mas is an indirect selection process where a trait of interest is selected based on a marker morphological, biochemical or dnarna variation linked to a trait of interest e. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Background genotypes were simulated assuming that a genetic model of many genes of small effects in coupling phase explains the observed breed difference and variance in backcross populations. Merging backcross breeding and transgenic blight resistance to. If an individual is homozygous for the horned condition, it is horned, regardless of any presence or absence of the scur gene. The below mentioned article will highlight the two types of experiment performed by mendel. Crossbreeding is the recommended breeding strategy for commercial meat sheep and meat goat production. Backcross is a test cross also b when pure dominant cc is crossed with a pure recessive cc. The purpose of this discussion paper is to facilitate a broad discussion with organic farmers and other stakeholders, such as breeding companies, interest groups and policymakers. It takes the breeder at least two or three years to derive a backcross line that is the genetic equivalent of the elite line plus the event.
A new advanced backcross tomato population enables high. Here, we report on a new advanced backcross qtl mapping resource for tomato, derived. This is the planting program that is the most rewarding and the one we need the most. Haley and robin thompson roslin institute edinburgh, roslin, midlothian eh25 sps, scotland manuscript received december 12, 1995 accepted for publication august 28, 1996 abstract. Breeding strategies article from the goat farmer mayjune 2000 by d. Analytical and decision support tools for genomicsassisted. The sequence alignment files from all of the bils were merged together and. The american chestnut foundations scientific approach. Recurrent parentan elite line that can be made better by adding the gene of interest. In this cross 50% plants will be red and 50% will be white b. Theyll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance the kind of sophisticated look that todays audiences expect.
The symbols and definitions for mouse generation numbers used by the jackson laboratory are. The theory and application of the backcross technique in cotton. Backcross article about backcross by the free dictionary. Pdf modified backcross breeding method for rapid conversion of. Chart and diagram slides for powerpoint beautifully designed chart and diagram s for powerpoint with visually stunning graphics and animation effects. This is the practice of introducing unrelated genetic material into a breeding line. Backcross method is the one whose main objective is to incorporate desired gene, either dominant or recessive, to the highly productive, commercially successful variety which lacks that specific gene. Backcrossing flowchart genetically engineered murine. The american chestnut foundations breeding program is approaching major milestones.
Backcrossing flowchart genetically engineered murine model. It is used in horticulture, animal breeding and in production of gene knockout organisms. Optimized breeding strategies for multiple trait integration. Reciprocal cross is different a pair of crosses in which the male or. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of using selectable markers, elisa, and pcr in screening for transgenic plants during the backcrossing process.
The symbols and definitions for mouse generation numbers used by the jackson laboratory are listed below. Markerassisted backcrossing is routinely applied for gene introgression in plant and animal breeding. Pdf backcrossing is a wellknown and long established breeding scheme. At this point of the backcrossing, the offspring will be the progenitors of the desired congenic strain. The objective is to reduce the donor genome content dgc of the progenies by repeated backcrosses. Backcrossing is a wellknown and long established breeding scheme where a characteristic is introgressed from a donor parent into the genomic background of a recurrent parent. Analysis of recurrent parent genome recovery in markerassisted. Moving south towards the knobs, there are rare old chestnut ghosts still standing. In vegetatively propagated crops like sugarcane and potato this method is rarely used and that too with some modifications.
In breeding programs with three backcross generations, the least mdp. Backcross definition of backcross by the free dictionary. Weaber department of animal science and industry kansas state university introduction the dramatic changes and volatility cowcalf production system input costs and calf values have many producers wondering about the value of heterosis in todays beef. It increases genetic diversity, thus reducing the probability of an individual being subject to disease or genetic abnormalities outcrossing is now the norm of most purposeful animal breeding. In order to get the transgene in the very best varieties that farmers want to grow, breeders must cross the. First, determine your production conditions including climatic, for.
Markerassisted backcross breeding to combine multiple rust resistance in wheat article in plant breeding 42. At the american chestnut foundation tacf, however, the primary approach is to continually cross back to the american parent, not to the chinese and japanese species. A is a merged image, b is a telomere repeat which has homology to bspecific repeat. Pdf selection in backcross programmes researchgate. Worlds best powerpoint templates crystalgraphics offers more powerpoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. After initial eight generations of backcross breeding f1 to f8 or during directional selection stage f9 to f32, the selection pressure was applied at all the four stages of development viz. Sep 14, 2016 backcrossing backcross breeding is a wellknown procedure for the introgression of a target gene from a donor line into the genomic background of a recipient line. Kidwell encyclopedia of life support systems eolss dianthus herbatus and thus was more botanical in nature rather than aimed at the improvement of a crop population.
First, determine your production conditions including climatic, forage and marketing and the levels of animal performance that fit those conditions. The book markerassisted plant breeding is designed to provide uptodate information on. Combining ability analysis in complete diallel cross of. Mouse strain generation numbers provide additional information on the genetic background and breeding history of mouse strains that cannot be captured in the mouse strain names. Oct 11, 2012 the back cross method is used to introduce he desirable traits in the elite lines from the donor lines. Backcross breeding method 410 hort 407 2 backcross breeding at the end, all genes will be homozygous except the genes transferred from the donor parent one or few generation of selfing will result in a variety homozygous at all loci, including newly transferred genes the new variety would have all the adaptability of the recurrent parent in addition to the good characteristics of the. Assisted backcrossing for simultaneous introgression of. Backcross method for dominant and recessive gene transfer.
Our new crystalgraphics chart and diagram slides for powerpoint is a collection of over impressively designed datadriven chart and editable diagram s guaranteed to impress any audience. Markerassisted backcross breeding to combine multiple. Rather, it is the systematic use of breed resources to produce offspring of a specific type. Lua bc2 x akc dal backcross 3 bc3 4 3 1 3 26 16 30 3. After that point the plant breeder can work with the genetically engineered line in the same manner they work with other parents in their breeding program. Although the transgene is put into a soybean plant in the plant transformation process. Markerassisted introgression in backcross breeding programs. This method, called backcross breeding, is the standard method for transferring a single trait into an otherwise acceptable plant.
Selection theory for markerassisted backcrossing genetics. As a breeding practice, crossbreeding does not denote the indiscriminate mixing of breeds. Site selection growing trees in oldham county, shelby county and jefferson county. Selection theory for markerassisted backcrossing ncbi. The two types of experiment performed by mendel are. F1 hybrids and f2 backcross hybrids were raised and used as parental broodstock in 2 cycles of backcrossing. Only plants from rr bc2 plants are crossed to rp single recessive allele progeny test in same season each bc4f1 plant is progeny tested. For the successful development of a new variety through the backcross method, the following requirements must be fulfilled. Texas adapted genetic strategies for beef cattle iv.
Goals objectives barley breeding is an ongoing research project that addresses the changing needs of the washington barley industry through the continued release of varieties with improved agronomic traits and enduse quality. Marker assisted backcross breeding approach to improve. Main screen that gives an overview of all projects and their contents. List reasons why backcross breeding is necessary in developing genetically engineered lines. May 27, 2014 marker assisted backcrossing breeding has become one of the essential tools in transferring novel genes to adapted varieties and was employed to pyramid three blast resistance genes pi1, pi2 and pi33 to a popular susceptible rice variety adt43. The backcross breeding orchards, purpose and implementation. Chestnut was present in pockets in these counties, as shown by some surviving old log cabins with chestnut in the logs. Outcrossing is now the norm of most purposeful animal breeding, contrary to what is commonly believed. Crossbreeding involves the mating of animals from two breeds. Backcross breeding mab is a wellknown procedure for the introgression of a target gene from a donor line into the genomic background of a recipient line. Gene pyramiding process was facilitated by marker aided selection for both foreground as well as background genotype.
Backcross, the mating of a hybrid organism offspring of genetically unlike parents with one of its parents or with an organism genetically similar to the parent. From a breeding standpoint, multiple trait integration mti is a fourstep. Markerassisted introgression in backcross breeding programs peter m. Backcrossing is a crossing of a hybrid with one of its parents or an individual genetically similar to its parent, in order to achieve offspring with a genetic identity which is closer to that of the parent. If the trait of interest is produced by a dominant gene, this process involves four rounds of. To successfully implement genomicsassisted breeding gab in crop.
Its efficiency depends on the experimental design, most notably on the marker density and position, population size, and selection strategy. Backcross breeding method 410 hort 407 4 backcross breeding at the end, all genes will be homozygous except the genes transferred from the donor parent one or few generation of selfing will result in a variety homozygous at all loci, including newly transferred genes the new variety would have all the adaptability of the recurrent parent in addition to the good characteristics of the. Merging backcross breeding and transgenic blight resistance to accelerate restoration of the american chestnut the american chestnut foundations breeding and selection plan 2015 2025 jared westbrook director of science, tacf national office, asheville, nc revised february 12th 2018. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. The back cross method is used to introduce he desirable traits in the elite lines from the donor lines. The backcross method of breeding is commonly used in self and cross pollinated species. Share your knowledge share your word file share your pdf file. How introduce traits in maize by back cross breeding youtube. Investigations view this article with lens email print alerts view pdf. It is a commitment of an acre of welldrained soil, and of 8 to 10.
Improvement of early maturity in rice variety by marker assisted backcross. Selection of the most blightresistant backcross trees in seed orchards. Alabama scientists and activists helping to rehabilitate. Agriculture merged to become the national research institute for agriculture. Plant breeding and genetics encyclopedia of life support. If the trait of interest is produced by a dominant gene, this process involves four rounds of backcrossing. Linkage drag in backcross breeding in barley article pdf available in journal of heredity 803.
Marker assisted backcrossing breeding has become one of the essential tools in transferring novel genes to adapted varieties and was employed to pyramid three blast resistance genes pi1, pi2 and pi33 to a popular susceptible rice variety adt43. Dec 22, 2015 backcross method for dominant and recessive gene transfer. If the trait of interest is produced by a dominant gene, this process involves four rounds of backcrossing within seven seasons. When f1 individuals are crossed with one of the two parents either ccred flowered or ccwhite flowered. An example is the crossbreeding of yorkshire and duroc breeds of pigs.
Backcrossing is a twogeneration breeding protocol that starts by generating hybrid f1 mice between two. A suitable recurrent parent must be available, which lacks one or two characteristics. Hammack a logical genetic strategy for a beef cow herd should include four steps. Markerassisted backcrossing is routinely applied in breeding programs for gene introgression.
281 962 1540 877 1575 942 979 384 992 575 889 24 785 104 50 1533 1530 855 449 889 230 792 942 988 250 501 451 61 419 932 1415 405